Effects of the Vietnam War on America - 1293 Words

The Vietnam War, from first hand point of thought is where a great deal of the confusion had started in the United States. It was certainly a rough decade during that time period, ranging four presidencies during the war itself with the exception of Harry Truman helping the French in the beginning. When in class we talk about the national approval rating for the American people towards their government and it is surprisingly low, about a quarter of the population. Through first hand interviews of elders that lived during that time period I had found that they believe the War was one of the pinnacles of the downfall in trust towards the U.S government, especially towards the end of the War during Nixon’s presidency. Earlier in my college†¦show more content†¦Another similar factor is that Eisenhower didn’t want to become the next â€Å"lost China† to Communism and didn’t want the same kind of unpopularity for the next term â€Å"lost Vietnam†. But back home the whole idea on the war on Communism wasn’t that strong, so he got heavily appraised for pulling out of Korea, but as said earlier overall Eisenhower did increase the heat in Vietnam. As war started in 1965 most people would have surely went about their daily lives, not knowing that this devastating war would tear apart their society. As years went by the biggest Protestants were the students of the nation who did antiwar campaigns on different school campuses. Most students formed a group called (SDS) or known as students for a democratic society. And that really took hold because they gained more and more supporters over the next three years, especially after the North Vietnamese and their Tet offensive showed that the war was going nowhere. The biggest protest known, well most prominent in antiwar, was gathered at the Lincoln Memorial and then they had marched to the Pentagon later in the protest. But hundreds of them were arrested. At this point the Gallop poll indicated that only thirty five percent of the whole population approved of Johnson’s handling of the war at hand but a whole fifty percent did not at the time. A fun fact is that the famous pr ofessional boxer, Muhammad Ali, denied wanted to be drafted into the military and his sentence wasShow MoreRelatedEffects Of The Vietnam War On America1559 Words   |  7 PagesDoogan America in history 3H, Pd. 8 20 January 2015 Effects of the Vietnam War The Vietnam War is one of the most debatable and controversial wars in U.S. History. To this day people are questioning why we ever entered a war that was over 8,000 miles away. Why would we put our soldiers through such harsh fighting conditions and why would we spend so much money on a war that was not ours? Some people say that U.S. involvement was necessary to help end Communism and important to keep South Vietnam fromRead MoreThe Vietnam War And Its Effects On America2000 Words   |  8 Pagesstallion of equality with triumphant fervor from World War II, the United States of America prioritized the containment of communism as its foreign policy outlined by the Truman Doctrine in 1947. The U.S eventually found itself in the middle of rising communist nations in the Pacific and European theaters. In an increasingly expensive and hopeless effort to prevent communist Ho Chi Minh unifying Vietnam under the red flag of the hammer and sickle, America officially sent troops to the Sou theast Asian nationRead MoreEffects Of The Vietnam War On America2038 Words   |  9 PagesThe Vietnam War is an event in history that resonates through time way past the period of its actual occurrence. Aside from being the only war that the United States has ever lost, the Vietnam War resulted in around 58,000 American deaths, 3 to 4 million Vietnamese deaths, hundreds of millions of U.S. dollars spent, and a nation divided over its purpose and worth. Although the effects of the Vietnam War may not be a common or pressing topic in current times, the Americans who were involved in theRead More End of the Vietnam war and effects on america Essay1437 Words   |  6 Pagesnegotiations to end the war to began. Between 1968 and 1969, contacts in Paris between North Vietnam and the United States were expanded to include South Vietnam and the NLF. Under the leadership of President Richard M Nixon, the United States changed its tactics to combine U.S. troop withdrawals with intensified bombing and the invasion of Communist sanctuaries in Cambodia . Due to the length of the war, the high number of U.S. casualties, and the exposure of U.S. involvement in war crimes such as theRead MoreEssay on Vietnam War and Its Effect on America1769 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1965, the United States of America officially enter the war against North Vietnam. After the Gulf of Tonkin incident where North Vietnamese attacked two U.S. ships on August 2nd and 4th, 1964, this event was a chance for U.S. President Lyndon Johnson to give authority for U.S. to enter war in Vietnam. United State involvement in Vietnam War was an approach to seize the communist aggression. A campaign authorized by President Johnson called â€Å"Operation Rolling Thunder† which started on FebruaryRead MoreThe Vietnam War On American Society932 Words   |  4 Pagesaccentuating the growing success and power that Vietnam held. America was calm at first as they held the belief that Vietnam would serve as a barrier to communism. Unfortunately, when communism kept spreadi ng, America panicked. American troops were sent into Vietnam and the citizens of America were lied to about the reason for the presence of the troops in Vietnam. The years 1964 to 1975 were characterized by the negative effects of the Vietnam war on American society and how they heightened socialRead MoreThe United States Involvement During The Vietnam War947 Words   |  4 Pagesthose conflicts have turned out into wars. Looking back at America’s â€Å"track record† with war, America has a worthy past of having its citizen’s support. Obviously the two World Wars we not controversial. The United States in the Korean War was criticized, fairly, for its strategy, but the need to defend South Korea was never questioned. In only the Vietnam War was the United States’ very participation criticized. This is such a gigantic change with prior wars that it bears study as to why it happenedRead MoreThe Vietnam War And The Cold War1494 Words   |  6 Pages When examining the Vietnam War you must first understand the involvement of the events surrounding the Cold War. The ‘Vietnam War’ as it is known is a product of the cold war era, by this I mean that events in the Cold War led to the US’s involvement and creation of issues causing the conflict. â€Å"The Vietnam War was a long, costly armed conflict that pitted the communist regime of North Vietnam and its southern allies, known as the Viet Cong, against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the UnitedRead MoreThe Vietnam War1737 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of the Vietnam War, was to end the awful spread of communism. As Ho Chi Minh (North Vietnam’s communist president) fought to which spread North Vietnam’s political uses to Southern Vietnam. With this, the American Military Advisors sought to believe that a fall of Southern Vietnam to communist hands, would then lead to a total takeover of neighboring nations to fall under communism. The eff ect of the neighboring nations falling, was known as the â€Å"Domino Effect†. It all began when TheRead MoreThe Vietnam War Had A Tremendous Effect On The World1415 Words   |  6 PagesThe Vietnam War had a tremendous effect on the world, especially the United States. Not only did the war affect people in battle, but also left permanent effects on people all over the world. Over 57,000 U.S. citizens died and over 140,000 injured in battle. Multiple Americans were impacted by the war, vast amount of people died but more were injured. North Vietnam won the battle against South Vietnam and their allies. The Fall of Saigon in 1975 was the end of a gruesome war. The war had multiple

Human Nature And Development Of Personality - 2356 Words

Adlerian Therapy Liliana Salazar University of North Texas at Dallas Adlerian Therapy According to Maniacci and Jonhson-Migalski (2013), â€Å"Individual psychology mandates that a person must be understood in the holistic, phenomenological, teleological way† (p.179). Adlerians believe heredity and environment influence but do not determine our behaviors. Moreover, every person has to strive for power, and humans develop inferiority feelings as a consequence. Therefore, they need to overcome those feelings (Croake, 1975). This paper explains how the views of human personality as holistic can explain maladjustment in the client, Allen, a 34-year-old male who experiences episodes of depression. The paper will explore Allen’s personality and the relationship between those past experiences and maladjustment. Human Nature and Development of Personality Croake (1975) argued the human being is a whole, not just parts. Then personality can only be expressed if we take into consideration all aspects of the human being. Adler (1982) pointed out that human nature of personality explains how heredity and environment cannot build an attitude related to life. Instead every person builds on individual experience. He affirmed that humans couldn’t be classified. Edgar (1996) explained the medical model does not apply to every person because everyone is unique, and when science tries to explain human mistakes by their genes we are categorizing human beings. According to Adler (1982), theShow MoreRelatedNature versus Nurture Debate Essays776 Words   |  4 PagesFactually Naturally People have been arguing about nature versus nurture for centuries. Does genetics or upraising have more effect on a person? Human development is influenced by various things. But nature, genetics, contributes more to development than the environment does. While nurture has some influence, nature has much more. Genes are responsible for altruism, personality is linked to individual genes, and genetic disorders are effects of nature that can cause drastic differences in qualityRead MoreSigmund Freud s Influence On Personality Theory862 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact on personality theory. However, theories and ideas subsequent to Freud have questioned the scientific basis of his ideas. Select one or two alternative theories of human personality and compare and contrast with that of Freud. Intro: Everybody has a unique personality that influences who we are, how we act, what careers we will pursue, as well as our success in close relationships. Our personality is inescapable and essentially shapes us as individuals. Despite its centrality to human existenceRead MoreGandhi: Explanations of Nature and Nurture Essay786 Words   |  4 Pages Nature vs. Nurture The relative contributions of nature and nurture are an apparent part of human development which makes us ask the question, are heredity and environment opposing forces?(Sternberg 100) The question of nature vs. nurture can be examined and can be attempted to be comprehended in many ways. Our stand on which theory is the correct one is obviously a matter of opinion and makes us wonder if only one of them is truly correct. Nurture seems to be the explanation that holds the mostRead MorePersonality Is Developed From Genes ( Nature ) Or Influenced By Environment ( Nurture ) Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagesperson’s pers onality is developed from genes (nature) or influenced by environment (nurture). Personality is something every human has and is an essential element in their social world. This research is important to know if, how, and why personalities change. Different scholarly-based material was used to support either stance on the issue. The articles and research helped to decipher the roles of parents, genes, biology, the environment, experiences, and culture in a person’s personality. PersonalityRead More Nature vs Nurture: Genes vs Environment Essay1490 Words   |  6 Pagesand philosopher thinkers on the spectrum of ‘nature vs. nurture’ arose concerning human development. In the nature versus nurture debate, the term nature refers to the genes we inherit while the term nurture refers to our outside environment (Nature vs. Nurture: Twin and Adoption Studies). This debate of ‘nature vs. nurture’ has existed for centuries and up to now it is still a topic of major discussion although at present time. Human development is the scientific study of age-related changesRead MoreThe Theory And The Psychoanalytic Theory1475 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual possesses, personality is also a term often coined to define and explain the reasons behind an individual’s motivations and reactions to certain events, entities and decisions. Defined by Larson Buss, 2005, personality is ‘the set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the individual that are organised and relatively enduring, and that influence his or her interaction with, and adaptions to, the intrapsychic, physical and social environments.’ As personality encompasses such a wideRead MoreFreudian Psychoanalysis As The Forerunner Of All Psychotherapeutic Methods979 Words   |  4 PagesReading response 3 Jones and Butman (2012) view psychoanalysis as the forerunner of all psychotherapeutic methods. Freudian psychoanalysis theorizes that all human behavior is influenced by early childhood experiences. Freud argues that human behavior is mostly unconscious and driven by conflicting desires, feelings, fears, and motives. The goal of psychoanalysis is to resolve intrapsychic conflict by bringing into conscious awareness the unconscious desires and motives of an individual. ThroughRead MoreHuman Development And Identity Development1741 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular aspects of human development and behavior; personality and identity. I will then demonstrate an understanding of two psychological theories which can help understand influences on personality and identity development. Finally, I will look into further detail at Holmes and Rahe and identity two life events which I can relate to the case study and the impact it’s had on the individual. There has been an ongoing debate within society for a long time over the influences of nature vs nurture andRead MoreThe Meaning of Nature and Nurture in Psychology Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesThe Meaning of Nature and Nurture in Psychology The nature nurture dichotomy is a theme always present in many areas of psychology. But is it right to talk about it as a dichotomy? , Certainly not. To say so would be like stating that they never act together, that they are contradictory and exclusive oneRead MoreThe Generation Of Young Professionals1375 Words   |  6 Pagestotal of one-third of the total U.S. population, are the rising professionals of society today and, for better or for worse, will soon be the next up and coming leaders in our career fields. However, due to the burst of scientific and technological development that has so rapidly occurred over the past twenty years, this generation of young professionals is distinctly unique from those of the past in the sense that we are more informed, yet less relational. High exposure to instantaneous information from

Fundamental of Accounting Regulation as Accounting Theory

Question: Describe about the Fundamental of Accounting for Regulation as Accounting Theory. Answer: Actual requirements of the job My job takes the shape of both formal requirements and less formal requirement. Under formal requirement, I will discuss such requirements which are detailed in a position or job description. Under less formal section, I will give detailed description of particular personality characteristics that are significant in my managerial job. I must acknowledge that my job description has been customized to accomplish the needs of the department or function I lead. In my job as a manager, my laymans description is that I am an employee who is responsible for plaining, directing, overseeing operation as well as fiscal health of my business department within the organization I work for. I am responsible for overseeing as well as leading the work of a cohort of employees working in my department. I am also responsible planning and maintaining the work systems, policies alongside procedures which allow and encourage the optimum performance of my people and other resources within my department. Leading people within my department is a central component of my job description. I am also responsible for leadership over a segment of work, functional area and sub-section of the results of the organization within my organization. Primary Objective of my Managerial Job My job requires me to ensure health and safety of the workforce I am required to carry out and attain the mission and goals of the accounts department I am also required to develop a superior workforce within my department I am also required to develop the department I am also expected to develop an employee-oriented company culture which stress quality, continuous improvement, core employee retention and development as well as high performance I am also required to ensure personal ongoing development My Primary Responsibilities I am required to plan staffing levels within the department I am required to work with the HR staff to recruit, interview, select, hire as well as employ requited number of employees in my department I am required to provide to oversight as well as direction to the workers in the operating unit according to the procedures and policies of the organization I am also needed to coach, mentor as well as develop staff by overseeing new employee onboarding as well as provision of career development planning besides opportunities I am also responsible for empowering employees to take responsibility for their jobs as well as goals by delegating responsibility ad expecting accountability and frequent feedback I am responsible for fostering a spirit of teamwork as well as unity among the members of the department which allows for disagreement over ideas, conflict as well as expeditious resolution of conflicts alongside diversity, supportiveness and cohesiveness appreciation and effectively working together to permit individual employee and the department as whole to succeed I am also required to consciously establish a working culture which is consistent with the entire organization as well that which stress the acknowledged mission, vision, values as well as guiding principles I am also expected to maintain transparent communication by appropriately conveying the information of the organization via the department meetings, emails, IM, one-on-one meetings as well as regular interpersonal communication I am also required to provide effective performance feedback via worker recognition, disciplinary action as well as rewards with the help of Human Resource where applicable I am also required to lead employees to accomplish the expectations of the organization for productivity, goal and quality accomplishment I am also responsible for leading employees by utilizing the performance management as well as developing process which give an overal context as well as framework to promote employees contribution as well as include the goal setting, feedback as well as performance development planning My Managerial Job Requirement (formal and less formal) I am required to have knowledge and experience in business, management and supervision I am required to have knowledge of the functions, mission and operation of accounting department I am required to have above average written as well as spoken communication skills I am also required to showcase outstanding impersonal relationship building as well as employee development and coaching skills I am required to have management experience in a team-focused workplace I am expected to demonstrate ability to lead as well as develop a department alongside department staff members I am required to demonstrate knowledge of basic economic, accounting, budgeting practices and principles I am also required to demonstrate ability to serve as a knowledgeable resource to the management team of the organization which provide leadership direction I am required to show excellence in organization management skills I am required to show evidence of the ability to practice a high degree of confidentiality I am also required to have a general knowledge of different employment laws as well as practice besides employee relations Individuals or groups from inside and/or outside I am required to interact with various individuals and group from both outside and inside the organization who are important to my job. These people include staff (different categories), my supervisor, peers, customers, regulators and shareholders. Internally, I always interact with junior accountants (Mr. Tom, Mrs. Dawes and Mr. Duke) and my deputy, MR. Smith to plan our daily activities. We must hold a departmental meetings daily before we begin our work from where I get various feedbacks based on performance of the previous day. Also, I internally interact with Mr. Martin (the HRM) where we plan on how to recruit member in my staff. Mr. Martin has also been my mentor in the organization and I always interact with him for guidance when faced with issues. I am also in constant interaction with Mr. Clint, the Finance Manager since my Accounting Department works closely with his department. Sometime I even ask him for his members of staff when I have more work to do the department. I also internally deal with type-setters when I want to produce documents for meetings. The type-setters have also been essential as they assist my department to type Memos and even financial statements. I have also been dealing with receptionist, Mrs. Irene mostly when there is a message that I want her to pass to my members of department when I am leaving the organization for official duties. Externally, I have been in constant interaction with the shareholders of the company where I always update them on the financial performance and position of the company. One of the key shareholder, Mr. Farooq has been a frequent guest to my officers since he is so much concerned about the progress of the organization. I have always helped him understand the financial statement of the organization. I have also been interacting mostly with the Board of Directors where we always get their views about the organization performance and ask them for change of strategies and policies to boost performance. I also interact with auditors both at the point of hiring as well as during the audit where they always keep me posted and even ask me for supply of other documents for effective audit. Principle Characteristics The principle characteristics of the groups and individuals I interact with can be done on the basis of formal organizational position, demographics (age, gender, personality, pattern of interactions). These characteristic are very essential in enabling me fulfil my work. To begin with, I do interact with two auditors (Mr. Ken aged 35 and Mrs. Doris aged 40). These auditors have been so useful in my work since they have always helped acknowledge the errors and frauds committed during the preparation of financial reports. I have managed to correct such errors and omission through these two auditors. My deputy is a male aged 26 years and he always interact with me to give me the feedbacks on delegated duties. The shareholders especially Mr. Farooq is a lovely old man aged 66 and he is a committed person whole loves success. Our pattern of interaction is basically on strategies and policies to enhance the performance of the organization. The board of directors interact with me based on the need to explain the performances of the company. The HR Manager, Mr. Martin is aged 56 and a determined individual. He is a key figure in the organization since he acts as guidance and counselor to me. The finance manager, Mr. Clint is so instrumental to the organization and we basically interact due the organizational position we hold. Nature of the Interdependency My interaction with the auditors help me to acknowledge the errors and frauds committed by the junior accountants either intentionally or unintentionally and hence make me have clear financial position and performance of the organization. I expect that auditors undertake their work independently without any interferences whatsoever from the company so to report the actual position and performance of the company. The auditors expect me to furnish them without all the necessary information and data as well as support to enable them undertake effective work. They also expect me to ensure their independence so as to minimize interference that my make them vulnerable and liable to the junior accountants. I rely on my junior accountants to help in the preparation of budgets and financial statements. I expect these accountants to undertake their work with honesty without committing any errors and frauds that may see them benefit at the expense of the shareholders. My juniors expect me to give the leadership and direction they need so as to work as a teamwork and also ensure their welfare. I rely on the shareholders especially Mr. Farooq and the board of directors to come up with strategies and policies that support the accomplishment of the firms objectives. I expect the board of directors to give me a conducive environment by making better policies that clearly define my roles as account department manager so as to avoid overlap of duties. In return, the board and the shareholder expect me to ensure that their interest is given the priority by effectively implementing their strategies and the policies passed by them during the meetings. I rely on my deputy to ensure that I get all the feedbacks on a daily basis based on the performance of the department including the complaints and opportunities that help me enrich our department. I expect my duty to stand in for me and accept the responsibilities I delegate to him and perform them with utmost good faith. In return my deputy expect me to give a conducive environment for work by acknowledging his position and delegate him work with full authority. I rely on the finance manager mainly since our departments have overlapping functions. I expect the finance manager to chip in any time I seek for his indulges plus his department. In return he also expect me to always be there for him if he needs my services. I rely on the receptionist especially when I have visitors she always give the direction to my office and also when I have some information to pass to my juniors I always leave the memo with her. I expect her to pass my messages and direct my guest to me accordingly whereas she experts me to give her the respect she deserve as she performs her duties. The printing department especially the type-setters are helpful when I ask them to type memos and even financial reports. I expect them to this in good time and without errors while they expect me to give them clear instructions to guide them so as to eliminate errors. Diagrammatic representation Interdependencies Evaluate the Interdependent Effectiveness and Efficiency The interdependent shown above has been so effective and efficient in helping the organization become satisfied for among all stakeholders. My relationship with every stakeholder as presented in the diagram above shows a give and take framework. Each and every stakeholder as presented above expects something from as I expect too. This framework has created teamwork in my department which is also manifested in the entire organization (Aisbitt, 2002). The result for this is the increased performance of accounts department giving the shareholder and assurance to invest more and more in the organization. Recommendations The central recommendation to boost the satisfaction of every stakeholder above is redesign the structure and work routine of organization so as to imitate the one in my department which has proved satisfactory. By having the entire organization imitating the same interdependent structure above, there will be increased collaboration in the organization (Unegbu, 2014). This collaboration would mean a harmonious working relationships which enhances the entire firm productivity. References Aisbitt, S., (2002). Tax and accounting rules: some recent developments. European Business Review, 14(2), pp.92-97. Bloomfield, R., Rennekamp, K. And Kadous, K., (2010). Experimental Research in Financial Reporting: From the Laboratory to the Virtual World. The Accounting Review, 85(4), pp.1473-1474. Boulus, P. and Dowding, K., (2014). The press and issue framing in the Australian mining tax debate. Australian Journal of Political Science, 49(4), pp.694-710. Dacian, C.D., Nicolae, A.C. and Nadia, A., (2012). The relationship between accounting and taxationthe Romanian accounting environment. Annals of Faculty of Economics, 1(1), pp.894-900. Gaffikin, M., (2005). Regulation as accounting theory. Husin, M. A., Ibrahim, M. D. (2014). The Role of Accounting Services and Impact on Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Performance in Manufacturing Sector from East Coast Region of Malaysia: A Conceptual Paper. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 115, 54-67. James, S., (2002). The relationship between accounting and taxation. Knauer, N.J., (2013). Critical Tax Policy: A Pathway to Reform?. Northwestern Journal of Law and Social Policy, 9. Martinez, L.P. and Martinez, J.M., (2011). Internal Revenue Code and Latino Realities: A Critical Perspective, The. U. Fla. JL Pub. Pol'y, 22, p.377. McKnight, D. and Hobbs, M., (2013). Public contest through the popular media: The mining industry's advertising war against the Australian Labor government. Australian Journal of Political Science, 48(3), pp.307-319. McMahon, R. G. (1998). Putting SME financial reporting into theoretical and practical perspective. Small Enterprise Research, 6(2), 80-88. Mendoza, R. R. (2014). Accountancy Service Requirements of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the Philippines. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 4(1). Miller, J.A., (2000). Equal taxation: A commentary. Hofstra L. Rev., 29, p.529. Parker, L, Guthrie, J Linacre, S (2011). 'The relationship between academic accounting research and professional practice', Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 5-14. Schutte, D. (2014). Towards A Competency Framework for SME Accountants-A South African Perspective. Global Journal of Management And Business Research, 13(5). Shaviro, D., (2011). Tax Reform Implications of the Risk of a US Budget Catastrophe. U. Louisville L. Rev., 50, p.577. Tanwongsval, V., Pinvanichkul, T. (2008). Accounting Information Requirements and Reporting Practices of Thai SMEs. King Mongkut Univ. Tech, 59-74. Unegbu, A.O., (2014). Theories of Accounting: Evolution Developments, Income-Determination and Diversities in Use. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.4633.

Voyage Of The Dawn Treader Essays - British Films,

Voyage Of The Dawn Treader The Voyage of the 'Dawn Treader' was written by C.S. Lewis, it was pulished by HarperTrophy, in the U.S. in 1955 and reprinted in 1983. The book has 216 pages and is a novel of fiction and adventure. . The story begins with Lucy and Edmund staying at their aunt and uncle's house. Their cousin Eustance, who they did not get along with at all, was always ordering them around and never leaving them alone. One afternoon when Edmund and Lucy finally did catch a moment alone they began to talk of Narnia, their own secret world which they had visited twice before. In Lucy's room they looked at the picture on the wall above Lucy's bed, it was of a s a Narnian ship, the 'Dawn Treader' and they longed to be on it. Just then Eusance walked into the room and began to tease them about Narnia, and suddenly, they began to shrink. Lucy and Edmond knew what was happening but Eustance didn't . A few moments after, they were drowning in the water beside the 'Dawn Treader'. On board the ship, they found the prince of Narnia- Caspian. He gave them warm clothes and introduced them to his crew. Then he explained to them why they ( Prince Caspian and his crew) were there: "A longtime ago as a child my usurping uncle Miraz got rid of seven friends of my father's (who might have taken my part)by sending them off to explore the unknown Eastern Seas beyond the Lone Islands......on my coronation day , with Aslan's approval, I swore an oath that, if once I had established peace in Narnia, I would sail east myself for a year and a day to find my father's friends or to learn of their deaths, and avenge them if I could." The remainder of the book tells of they different obstacles that the group meet on their travels, on the Dawn Treader, and each obstacle is an adventure. I enjoyed reading about their many encounters for example- when they reach the Island of voices, which turns out to be little invisible dwarfs who were punished by a magician because they annoyed him, the only way they could be returned to themselves was to get a human girl to go up to the magician's tower and read the spell- so Lucy did it and saved the day! Another adventure they had was on Dragon Island which was only called that after the unfortunate situation where Eustance was turned into a dragon because of his greed. When he came back to the camp where everyone was eating dinner, they all got scared and ran away except for Edmund who saw a tear fall from the dragon's eye, and only then did he understand that a person was trapped inside of the fierce body of the dragon. After many attempts to find out who it was, they finally figured it out but could not do anything to change him back to himself- only Aslan could do somthing as superior as that. My favorite part of the book was their quest in search of the end of the world. They reach a point in the sea where they are able to see the bottom of the seafloor. The water is so clear, Lucy can see the shadow of the ship. Looking overboard, she suddenly notices figures moving down below, and then she realizes that they are mermen and mermaids. Then Drinian ,the ship's captain, informs her that you can not tell the men to look below, for they will be tempted to jump into the water after the beautiful sea-women or the country itself. Drinian had heard about many sailors who fell in love and lost their lives in the sea. I have enjoyed reading this series because I like the author's imagination and his way of telling a story. His description and details help set a perfect picture in the reader's mind to a point where they can feel they are watching it happen in a movie or a T.V. show. His adventures are always interesting, exciting and unusual, his ideas are so stimulating that it makes the reader want to keep reading till the end. I can never guess the outcome, it is always a surprise. This is the 5th book that I have read by C.S. Lewis, and I hope to read many more, I highly recommend this book to anyone who enjoys using his imagination, or likes

Gramscis Theoretical Work

Gramsci is a theorist who worked closely using Marx’s paradigm. He has broadly expanded many features of that theoretical structure to make it more pertinent to the current social relations. His theoretical contribution deals with developing problems and theories that already exist.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gramsci’s Theoretical Work specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He was not just a general theorist, but he was knowledgeable politically and was a socialist activist. Development of his theoretical writing was due to the fact that he liked his own society and he was very determined to serve it and also intended to enlighten people on political practice. He was not a Marxist in any way but decided to develop the structure of Marx’s work theoretically by adding new ideas. So, his theoretical work was based on the framework of Marx’s structure. He decided to supplement the concepts that were used by Marx with new ideas because he felt that Marx did not develop his ideas from the concrete level of history, rather, his ideas were developed at a very high level, for instance the idea of capital. In addition to that, the historical conditions of Gramsci’s writings differed from those that Marx had written, ‘’Gramsci had an acute sense of the historical conditions of theoretical production† (Hall 415). Hall continues to say that, â€Å"Gramsci felt the need of new conceptualizations at precisely the levels at which Marx’s theoretical work was itself at its most sketchy and incomplete: that is, the levels of the analysis of specific historical conjunctures, or of the political and ideological aspects—the much neglected dimensions of the analysis of social formations in classical Marxism† (Hall 415). Basically, his work was based on political and philosophical features of social developments. He contributed much on the i ssues of various political governments, cultural issues and the role of civil society. Gramsci opposed ‘economism’ that was presented by Marx. Theoretically, he felt that Marx’s idea of economism reduced everything else including the social development to the economic level. Gramsci developed a theoretical argument that analyzed a specific historical conjuncture. He replaced the reductionist approach because it would deter political and ideological formations from their economic goals. He says that, â€Å"immediate economic crises of themselves produce fundamental historical events† (Hall 419). This means that, for one to show that economic crisis has actually happened there has to be a relationship between the structure and the superstructure.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More That is, the crisis develops through the varying associations in the balancing of social forces to calamities in the state and community that grows into ethical- political efforts forming political philosophies, stimulating the understanding of the people. According to Gramsci, hegemony and ‘relations of social forces’ were obstacles against economic reductionism in some of the Marxism’s work (Hall 419) Gramsci argued that one has to comprehend the formation and the objective associations within the society or the extent of development by the productive forces. In his analysis, he also distinguished the historical movements that were meant to be long lasting in the society from those that were temporary or accidental. He says that crisis can be very long lasting because it is marked by many things such as arguments and constant movement. It is very hard to predict the length and complexity of a crisis. Periodization is another main feature in his analysis because it is similar to historical specificity. â€Å"It is precisely the study of thes e â€Å"intervals† of varying frequency which enables one to reconstruct the relations, on the one hand, between structure and superstructure, and on the other between the development of organic movement and conjunctural movement in the structure.† (Hall 422). He says that ‘relations of force’ are the greatest contributors of political as well as social efforts and development. ‘Relations of force’ can be distinguished because classes are also faced with conflicting interests especially when sharing familiar forms of existence. So, classes must be unified in a constructive manner for particular practices in economy, politics and ideology. Hegemony is very specific and does not last for long in the society, so for it to be achieved, the society must set a new historical program that is controlled by the leadership of particular development of social forces. Secondly, hegemony is multi-dimensional because for it to be successful many aspects must be incorporated. In addition to that, what leads during hegemony should not be called a ruling class but it should be referred to as a historic bloc. This implies that the main social or political force that makes decisions during a certain crisis should constitute people from different social groups. Moreover unity should be based on alliances in every system. This is because; in many societies women have been neglected since men think that are a weaker sex.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gramsci’s Theoretical Work specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More But according to Garland- Thomson, â€Å"without the female body to distinguish the body of the male, and without the pathological to give form to the normal, the taxonomies of bodily value that underlie political, social and economic arrangements would collapse† (Garland- Thomson 290). He also opposes the idea of relating women with disability as some of the communities did. States should not just be for administrative purposes but they should be educative and formative to their citizens. Gramsci implies that every state should be ethical because it is a very crucial element and its main aim should be to raise its citizens to a specific cultural and moral level which relates to the requirements of industrious forces. Furthermore, political inequalities and all kinds of oppressions should not be based on sexuality. This is because in some of the historical periods, sexuality has been highly politicized. (Garland-Thomson 282) Ideologically, Gramsci says that every individual is an intellectual as long as he or she is able to think. In addition, cultural beliefs should not be grounds of struggle because they are usually material forces. Therefore, a wide cultural and philosophical struggle is required to produce or generate ethnic as well as intellectual unity. Ideas do not move and neither do ideologies grow without direction. On historical specificity, Gramsci emphasizes on the characteristics of racism. The characteristics can be changed by historical specificity so that they are active. He implies that racism does not occur in all sectors of social development and their effects are penetrative but unequal; the unevenness of effects can aid in deepening inconsistent sub divisional antagonisms. Gramsci’s analysis supports the idea of combining different methods of formation within the same social development because it results to specificity in the region as well as various methods of combining sectors in the social system of capital. This implies that different particular forms should be combined consistently to discourage racism. â€Å"Ethnic and racial difference can be constructed as a set of economic, political or ideological antagonisms, within a class which is subject to roughly similar forms of exploitation with respect to ownership of and expropriation from the means of production† (H all 438). He was trying to distinguish between the definitions that were made by Marx on class. Marx defined class as a stratification found in the community due to financial differences but Gramsci brings out the actual and real historic dynamic that exist between various parts and subdivisions within classes.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In his study of politics, in places where racism is rampant, he says that positive results can be obtained if his concepts are applied. The theoretical concepts include hegemony, historical bloc, change, inactive revolution and many others. This is because racism and discrimination has heightened in very many societies that almost lead to desperation. For instance, in his book, Bederman wrote about a society that could not allow black and white men to do prize fighting competitions together. One white man said â€Å"when there are no white men left to fight, I will quit the business†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..I am not determined to take a chance of losing my championship to a Negro† (Bederman 2). The white men always believed that they were better than the black men. A state can transform its racial and ethnic practices if it has an educative and ideological role to its citizens. Besides, hegemonic methods must be incorporated in all sectors of the society â€Å"Schooling, cultural orga nizations, family and sexual life, the patterns and modes of civil association, churches and religions, communal or organizational forms, ethnically specific institutions, and many other such sites play an absolutely vital role in giving, sustaining and reproducing different societies in a racially structured form† (Hall 439). This implies that there is no sector in the society that needs to be relegated. Gramsci used the term national popular to refer to his many questions that he put together. He knew that they were very essential since they contributed to popular hegemony. They were the main devices of political as well as ideological efforts and practices. Gender philosophies were shaped by the domineering structures of race. This led to the invention of homosexuality especially in the United States because it occurred the same time when questions on race were being re-devised. Racism was clearly seen in the United States of America because even the Supreme Court could ins ist that the black and white races were different. Sexuality and racism are interrelated and can be very productive (Somerville 38). Somerville continues to say that† ideologies of race, of course, shaped and reflected both popular and scientific understandings of gender† (Somerville 42). This means that races were not different from the sexual differences that exist between the blacks. Americans related manhood with race; â€Å"Americans were obsessed with the connection between manhood and racial dominance. This obsession was expressed in a profusion of issues such as the concern about the white’s man imperialistic burden oversees† (Bederman 4). Gramsci assists people in understanding racism concept because it is never dealt with seriously and also a more related kind of oppression and discrimination; gender inequality. Women should never be relegated because of their sex and the same case applies to the black people who should not be neglected by the whi tes due to their color. Works Cited Bederman, Gail. Manliness Civilization: A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States 1880-1917. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995. Print. Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie. Feminist Theory, the Body and the Disabled Figure. The Disability Studies Reader, (1997): 279-292. Hall, Stuart. Gramsci’s relevance to the study of race and ethnicity. In Stuart Hall: critical dialogues in cultural studies. NY/London: Routledge, 1996. Print. Somerville, Siobhan. Scientific Racism and the invention of the homosexual body. North Carolina: Duke University Press, 2000. Print. This essay on Gramsci’s Theoretical Work was written and submitted by user Lilith Valentine to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Intwermidiate Quiz 1 Essay

Intwermidiate Quiz 1 Essay Intwermidiate Quiz 1 Essay Jessica Schwan Federal Income Tax #42 A)Andy could be subject to an audit if the misstated amount accounts for 25 percent or more of the gross income stated. The IRS has 6 years in this case to call an audit. My advice for Andy would be to calculate how much off gross income was stated. If it is less than 25 percent then he is fine. He should however be much more careful and honest in future tax returns. B)My advice would change if I were the preparer. I would want tax returns that I am responsible for to be as accurate as possible. If a material mater was exposed to me, I would file a correction right away. C)I would only consider preparing Andy’s current tax return if all information was present. I would not purposely misstate gross income. I could not morally or legally do so. #51 A)The Child Tax Credit would justify care for a minor while a parent works. B)This act is discourage and therefore not supported with a tax credit. C)The justification for this is that it minimizes the effect of a loss in a current year, and allows you to spread the effects from it to more profitable years, known as a carryback. D)This allows a taxpayer to spread tax consequences over the payout period. The harsh effect of taxing all of the gain in the year of sale is thereby avoided. E)These amounts change year to year, as the current cost of living increases per year caused by inflation. F) With tax-exempt bonds, the federal government gives up more in tax revenues than

Gaming and gambling addiction Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Gaming and gambling addiction - Research Paper Example Addicts should be provided with adequate help and treatment to get rid of the disease. However, we first need to define the gaming and gambling addiction? Secondly, roles of public and private organizations as well as individuals to stop and discourage online gaming and gambling should be well defined. Antonius has pointed out the same in his article when he say, â€Å" Studies have consistently demonstrated the existence of a small subgroup of video gamers that is seemingly ‘addicted’ to games. (Antonius et al. 205). Though initially the problem begun to erupt at a manageable scale but later on it expanded to a scale that attracted attentions of policy makers, developers and psychiatrists and there were all out efforts to address the issue. â€Å"This online component in gaming led to the initiation of (private and public) treatment programmers targeting gaming addiction. Consequently, there is increasing focus upon online games when studying video game addiction.â₠¬ . Number of research experts from all around the globe began to explore various aspects of the problem and theories are now established in game addiction. Antonius, while elaborating this talk about Korean and western researchers, â€Å"Researcher report specifically that Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPGs) are the main culprits in cases of online video game addiction.... s where the initial form of this addiction and now multiplayer online games have emerged as the most recent form that need more attention, involvement and time. â€Å"In the 1980s, games such as Centipede, Space Invaders, Pac Man, and Donkey Kong were popularized. These were single-player games against the machine and getting good at the game only meant a high score and improvement of the gamers’ eye-hand coordination. By the 1990s, gaming evolved from single-player games to gaming experiences. Gamers could become immersed in a virtual world that they helped to create. Games such as Doom and Quake were introduced that allowed players to create new rooms, customize their characters, and specify the kinds of weapons used.† (Young, 356). The advancement in the online and offline gaming were very fast and the new richer gaming features attracted the attention of most Internet users. Last two decades have seen an outburst of these games with ever advancing lucid graphics and interactive features. Obviously the grown attention of our adolescents to these trends resulted in decreased attention around their surroundings and academic activities. They may even not watch where they going because their face is buried in a game. They might also lose grip with reality because in the games they can be or do anything they want. â€Å"There are also studies that have claimed that online gaming addiction may be addictive because of self-report accounts of very excessive use of up to 80h a week† (Griffiths et al., 205-216). However, Griffiths has argued that excessive activity and addictive activity are two very different things (although admittedly they do overlap) (Griffiths, 191-197). But according to Antonius, â€Å"the present study contributes to the debate on video game addiction by

Training paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Training paper - Essay Example There are several techniques that can be used to collect information for a needs assessment and these include observation, questionnaire and interview (Needs Assessment 11). The first technique is through observation. The advantage of this technique is that it generates data relevant to work environment; however, this technique requires a skilled observer to be effective. The second technique to collect information is through the use of questionnaires. An advantage of this technique is that one can collect data from a large sample, yet it is not costly. The disadvantage of using questionnaires is the possibility of getting low return rates and inappropriate responses. Conducting interviews is another technique used to collect information for needs assessment. The benefit of this technique is that questions can be modified depending on the response of the interviewee; however, a skilled interviewer is needed to do this. It is also time consuming and difficult to analyze. An organization has to conduct an organizational analysis before designing a training course because it must make sure that the training program is congruent with the strategies of the corporation. It must also take into account that the training program can be supported by the available resources of the company. Support of management and the employees who will take part in the training program is essential for the success of the program. The information acquired from an organizational analysis are the training resources available for the company and the qualities of the people who will be part of the training program. Aside from these information, the analysis will also acquire information on the objectives and goals of the company and the areas in the organization where training is needed (Landy and Conte 295). Organizations should conduct a person

Chemical wast disposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chemical wast disposal - Essay Example It is a necessity that proper methods and techniques are needed to be employed for this disposal. Though, there are many ways of disposing this chemical waste, there are always drawbacks and disadvantages of these techniques and they tend to harm the immediate living environment in one way or another (Bergman et al 2008). It has been analyzed that the history of the disposal of waste roots to very olden times. In 500 B.C., the disposal of waste on the streets became prohibited and it was ordered that wastes should be disposed out of the city. The first reported usage of burning of waste as a method of disposal is recollected from the initial years of the first millennium in Palestine at an area which was known as Sheol. Following these time periods, different methods were introduced which included burning of wastes, dumping them in underground sites as well as disposing them in areas away from residential areas. Government provided interventions and created laws to cater to the prope r disposal of wastes (Williams 2005). ... There has been a great surge in the number of industries in this world. Furthermore, the advent of new technologies which include nuclear power has also resulted in the byproducts of these technologies which are radioactive and hence their disposal also poses problems. The last problem is the fact that with increased understanding of the environment, the human beings have come to realize the importance for saving the normal ecological structure of the world and to limit pollution to save the environment (Geophysics Research Forum 1984). There are many sources of chemical waste in today’s world. The byproducts and wastes from industries account for the major contributors. Other sources of the chemical wastes include the wastes from the mines in particular from the coal mines as well as the substances that are released due to combustion of substances which tend to lead to the release of chemical products. Chemical wastes are also produced via other sources which include the labo ratories, hospitals as well as centers of research. There are many methods and ways for the disposal of these chemical wastes. These include the burning of the wastes, disposal into water reservoirs, disposal into landfills and the provision of different treatments to the liquid forms of the waste to remove their toxicity. But the method that is chosen for the disposal of this chemical waste needs to be done in the most appropriate manner owing to the drawbacks that may result. The burning of a few chemical products results in the formation of gaseous chemical products that tend to enter the air and result in air pollution. This was indicated via a research in which the sewerage waste was burnt and resulted in the

The Roles Of Non-Formal Education

The Roles Of Non-Formal Education Gandhi once said that Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever. The saying shows that education is undeniably important in our daily life. Without education, we probably still wasting time washing clothes by using hands. Education is not only important for the purpose to get a good job but it is also to make our life easier. The definitions exist of education are numerous. Education to me means learning new things or knowledge, including attitudes and skills. I also believe that all of us are lifelong learners because we actually learn something new every day with or without our realisation. Learning process is not only happening in the classroom but also happen accidently outside the classroom. There are few concepts of education that we can analyze especially the formal education and non formal education. Generally, people know about formal education but unaware of non formal education. Formal and non formal education is two different terms. Formal education is an organized education model, which is systematic, well structured and also administered according to the laws and regulations that are set by the ministry of education (Dib, 1988). As an obvious example is, the education in schools, colleges, and universities are considered as formal education. Formal education institutions are organized curricularly, administratively, and physically and also require the minimum number of students that will attend the class (Dib, 1988). In formal education, the interaction between teachers and students are usually direct with each other. In general, formal education is restricted to a certain credit hours according to each institution and a full time learning process, but still based on the curricular provided by the education department of the country. Other than that, students need to comple te the assessments given by the teachers that lead to some form of qualification and accreditation which will be required to continue to the next learning stage. The assessments are regularly made on a general basis, where it is used for administrative purpose and also to improve the learning process. The method used in formal education normally does not really show the progression of the students. This is because the students are only receiving any information from their teachers and most probably they do not really paying attention since it is a one way interaction. On the contrary, non formal education includes skills and knowledge that are unusual in part throughout formal education whether in primary schools or secondary schools even in higher education institutions (Non-formal Education, 1979). Non formal education can be divided into three broad categories which the first one is oriented activities particularly for development of skills and knowledge of labour force who is employed, secondly, activities that are planned mainly to provide people, predominantly the youth, to get into the job and lastly, activities designed to develop skills, knowledge and understanding beyond the work world (Harbison, 1971). Unlike formal education, non formal education does not require a specific time such as timetable or school hours. It can happen anywhere and anytime as long as the knowledge is passed on. Non formal education does not need the studentà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s attendance and also decreasing the interaction between teachers and st udents because most of the activities happen outside of the institutions, for example, girlà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s scouts or any outdoor activities. Besides, the techniques and materials used in non formal education often do not require a high standard as the typical schooling methods (Non-formal Education, 1979). The process can be conducted by semi-professionals such as activities in religious centres, youth groups, or any voluntary organizations (Non-formal Education, 1979). In view of the fact that non formal education occurs outside the curricular provided by schools, thus the learning process may only use simple and low-cost technologies like story books, radio and others (Non-formal Education, 1979). In addition, non formal education is flexible because it is adaptable according to the condition or situation and also the needs of the society at a time (Non-formal Education, 1979). Non formal education has started at early years of the formation of Malaysia as a country especially during the expansion of Islam in Peninsular Malaya and the Malay islands in the 14th century (Abd. Hamid et al., 2003). Arabian and Indian traders who are Muslims came to the Southeast Asia and spread the knowledge about their religion to the local people (Abd. Hamid et al., 2003). At that time the existence of education institutions called hut school that is developed together by mutual cooperation among the communities and it is not considered as formal education yet. This is the starting point of the non formal education in Malaysia. During the British colonisation, the British administration formed five types of schooling which are Malay Vernacular School, Chinese Vernacular School, School Vernacular India, English Vernacular School and Religious School (Madrasa) (Abd. Hamid et al., 2003). These types of schools are formed as taking into consideration the political, economic, soci o-cultural and religious. After few decades, the non formal education system has been changed along with the modernisation. Nowadays, non formal education has emphasis more on Skill Training Programmes such as Vocational Education, Engineering and Trading. The Malaysian government has built few vocational schools for the children that have more interest in skills related education rather than going to the school and learn things they do not like. At the tertiary level of education, Polytechnics are provided for those who want to complete Advanced Diploma, Diploma and Special Skills Certificate in skills-based programmes. The newest programme, the National Service Training Programme is established for youth community in Malaysia to develop patriotic, loyal and full with positive attitudes young generation for the future. It is also become a practice for the potential employees to do internship before starting the real job. There are still some religious talks, or campaigns about info rmation that the society may need to know happening in Malaysia. For example, the campaigns about health care, recycle and many others are conducted to educate the society. All of these programmes are specially formed to teach values and knowledge that are not being taught in schools. One of the roles of non formal education is to make a difference in the community by raising the awareness of the changes in environment. Other than that, non formal education also help in providing youth for production activities by way of giving them relevant courses so that can improve themselves to be a better person for the country. Furthermore, non formal education will help to produce generation with good values and attitudes in order to form a developed country. Besides, formal education mostly applies only the theories of the lesson but non formal education let the students explore things by themselves especially in the skills knowledge that will make the students has higher capability in using skills and techniques to perform job. This will result in many potential employees have the skills that can increase the efficiency and productivity of workers in this country and it is also will help the national development especially in producing the best quality of employees that are properly trained to obtain the skills. This means that it can reduce the number of unemployed because they have larger opportunities to get a job which requires skills (Yassin Muhamad, 1990). Non formal education also assists in conveying information that may be regarded not significant to the community that will lead the society into a well-informed society and not be left behind by the modernization of the world. To sum up, non formal education should not be considered as less important because it is in fact as important as formal education. In some situation, non-formal education is the only useful way in the development of skills and knowledge. It also acts as an alternative and normally more effective education and training for formal education. Non formal education may not be fully organized and well structured, but it is still provides important information for the generation. Somehow, non formal education is undoubtedly helps in formal education to make it more proficient for the students to acquire knowledge.

Visual Description Nefertiti

For my visual description, I decided to write about Infertility from Outmost, created between BCC. Infertility represents royalty, and many women view her as a symbol for beauty. Found in the city of Kathleen along other items in the sculptor studio that represented the royal family. This three dimensional limestone sculpture standing 20†³ tall, represents the wife of Pharaoh Generate. Modeling her face to make it look subtle, the artist used very thin layers of plaster.Looking at this sculpture, one would feel as they are looking at a life like person, which is why it's remarkable. The plaster starts thin to define her face and becomes thicker when creating the neck and the head dress. The pupil of the right eye was created with what appears to be black paint, but the left eye doesn't have a pupil present. Infirmities teal colored crown, has a gold band looped around the bottom.A ribbon is wrapped around her crown, with each end stopping above her left and right ear. A erasures (signifying royalty) is above brow on the headdress, yet broken. The skin and bone structure, very much symmetrical can be shown as elegant as she looks. The artist used a contour technique to create her face, high cheekbones and the hollowness of her cheeks.. Looking at the lines used, it can be seen as subtle movements. The carved movements, help create amazing cheekbone structure.From her headdress to her cheeks, a triangle can be formed, continuing to the lines of her neck, under her chin a perfect triangle Is created. This sculpture In the round when viewed from the side, can be seen as creating a 90 degree angle. Walking around the sculpture you can see the symmetrical used to create her headdress and make this sculpture life like. Although the damages to the ear and headdress makes you realize how ancient this Is, her beauty seems to travel.

Chagrin, Woman versus the Society

James Joyce’s â€Å"Clay† and Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Diamond Necklace† satirize the conflict between woman and society. They illustrate the lives of two very physically different women of the common class and how they struggle against their environment, for society and fate seal their lives with chagrin. Joyce is more effective than Maupassant in revealing the fictional character in relation to community and social environment, because Joyce uses plot, design, perspective, and language to show subtly what the clay means in the story, wherein the clay depicts Maria’s frailty and commonness, and a life of conflict with herself and her environment, which she is not aware of, while Maupassant employs more of plot, narration, and character to enact a woman’s satirical lifelong struggle to resist her fate, which led her, paradoxically, to become her destiny, after all. Joyce does not reveal the meaning of the title â€Å"Clay† in the plot, which makes it quite difficult to understand the plot and its connection with clay. Soon the plot exposes itself- it is a story about how something so simple can be so complicated too. Maria’s simple life has its own complications, because she struggles with society and her destiny. Joyce provides details about Maria’s life and how she goes about it, day in and day out. For Maria, she is an efficient and reliable person, and a peacemaker. She feels proud of her work, which is portrayed in the barmbracks that she confirms she made herself. She also states that she is happy with her life, even if she has no companion, and she tells Fleming that â€Å"she didn’t want any ring or man either† (Joyce 184). The ring represents the synecdoche for marriage. The ring is also mentioned several times in the story, once by Fleming, once by Maria, and then during the game at Joe’s house. This ring represents Maria’s struggle. Apparently, there exists a gap between her self-perceptions and social perceptions of herself. Maria thinks of herself as more superior. She views Fleming as having the â€Å"notions of a common woman† (Joyce 184), and yet Maria herself is exceedingly common. When Maria thinks about how many minutes her travels are, â€Å"twenty minutes† here and there, it underscores how empty her life is in that she fills it with ordinary numbers. Maria also wants to think that she is happy with being single, but when Fleming jokes her about it, she â€Å"laughed†¦. with disappointed shyness† (Joyce 184). â€Å"Disappointed† juxtaposes with the satisfaction that Maria feels, which accentuates that she is not at all content with her life. The plot expresses, nevertheless, the cluelessness of Maria about herself, which makes it more effective to depict chagrin in several ways. Readers will also feel chagrin, because Maria is not just physically frail; she is also mentally and emotionally frail too. Maupassant employs plot that also does not readily give away the ending. His story satirizes a woman’s struggle to resist her fate, which led her, ironically, to become her destiny. Loisel feels that she is born for something greater, and yet, as Maupassant illustrates, she was born: â€Å"as if through an error of destiny, into a family of clerks† (Maupassant 297). This â€Å"error† implies how Loisel sees her whole life: a huge â€Å"error† of fate. But â€Å"error† takes in a new life, as Loisel makes the biggest of all- borrowing Mme. Forestier’s diamond necklace. This necklace brings Loisel the happiest day of her life, when she receives the life she dreams of- attention, richness, and fame. Ironically, this necklace also seals Loisel’s fate to poverty and toil, both of which she detests. She loses the diamond necklace and she and her husband paid for it for ten years, only to discover in the ending, that the necklace is false. The ending shows the climax of the struggle and underlines that women cannot fight society and their destinies. The language that Joyce uses portrays the common language of Maria’s class. Joyce uses the words â€Å"spick and span† and â€Å"nice and bright,† which are words of commoners and their life of toil (Commentary 192). Words are also frequently repeated, which symbolizes the lack of sophistication in Maria’s life. The repetitive use of â€Å"And†¦And†¦. And† and â€Å"always†¦always† (Joyce 183) is a â€Å"syntactical pattern† (Commentary 192) of the disproportionate plainness of Maria’s viewpoint of her life, and how readers also come to understand how â€Å"boring† her life is. The language reinforces the plot that depicts Maria’s humdrum life, and exposes the struggle against society and fate. Maria ardently believes that she needs no man or ring, but when a common man gives her some attention, she floats in the air enough to forget her expensive plum cake. Thus, Maria cannot deny it; she yearns for a lifelong companion, someone her fate has denied her, and someone society is quick to point out as the source of her loneliness and unhappiness. Maupassant uses narration to illustrate the satire of Loisel’s conflict with her life. He narrates the thoughts of a woman’s yearning for a wealthy life. Loisel dreams of â€Å"elegant dinners, of the shining silver† (Maupassant 298). This narration represents the perspective of Loisel and her endless chagrin. The narration contrasts her life before and after, however, of a dream come true. Before the diamond necklace, Loisel has at least a maid and comfortable lodgings. After the loss of the diamond necklace, Loisel is forced to be who she does not want to be- a common working woman. Furthermore, Maupassant also uses strong characterization, as he narrates the changes in Loisel. From a â€Å"charming† young woman, Loisel transforms into â€Å"strong, hard woman, the crude woman of the poor household† (Maupassant 303). Loisel has become the person she hates, and she has learned to embrace the life she could not ever cherish. Maupassant, however, seems to want to rub it in on Loisel, when he ends the story with the revelation of the false diamond necklace. Loisel must have fainted, or even unsurprisingly, died from chagrin, after this revelation. Joyce predominantly uses the perspective of Maria, from his choice of words, although in a way, it is also revealed that Maria is not who she thinks she is, in the viewpoint of other people. In general, she believes that: â€Å"Everyone was so fond of Maria† (Joyce 183). However, the snide remarks about her spinsterhood, in the laundry shop and at her friend’s home, accentuates that people look down on her or pity her, because of her homeliness and state of singlehood. When Joyce says: â€Å"the tip of her nose nearly met the tip of her chin,† this remarks of how people slate her homely features (Joyce 183). Joyce also designs the story in a way that is not always too obvious, and he compels readers to do extra work, which makes the story more effective in revealing the character’s need for companionship. As readers analyze and research about the missing lines of the song â€Å"I Dreamt that I Dwelt,† this pursuit for something more about Maria ironically responds to the â€Å"attention† that Maria craves for. Joyce’s story design is also different from Maupassant’s â€Å"Moonlight,† because â€Å"Clay† has a different and more meaningful connotation. The clay represents Maria’s emotional and mental frailty. When she chooses clay, a joke of the next-door girls on her, and which is not even directly stated by Joyce, clay represents the mortality of human beings (Commentary 190). Clay also reinforces the meaning of the omitted song lines. Joyce illustrates that Maria unconsciously forgets these lines, because it tells of â€Å"suitors† and â€Å"vows† that fate neglected to give her. Clay hints that Maria will soon die without living life, wherein society says that a lived life equals to a married life. Joyce is more effective than Maupassant in disclosing the fictional character in relation to community and social environment, because Joyce uses plot, design, perspective, and language to show delicately what the clay indicates in the story. The clay portrays Maria’s frailty and commonness, and her conflict with her society and destiny. It is also a suggestion of her mortality, which is limited to a life of loneliness that she has to bear with. Maupassant, on the other hand, addresses the same conflict with dark humor and satire. Of the two, Joyce creates a more distinctive image of a woman who has nothing, who is more pitiable, because of her lack of awareness and admission of her life’s perpetual struggles.

This writing is attached with Logbook

(This writing is attached with Logbook) With the enormous improvements in the computers, software now pervades most facets of modern life. Software is now often the gating element in most branches of engineering and science. To formalize the developing of software and improving efficiency, the software engineering theory were rapidly developed in last decades years. Software process model is a framework, which defines a small number of activities applicable to all software projects, regardless of their size or complexity. This report describes one of software process model, Capability Maturity Model (CMM). CMM explains how to assess and improve software process maturity that based on 5-capability levels evolutionary path. It provides a framework for organizing these evolutionary steps into these maturity levels that lay successive foundations for continuous process improvement. These five maturity levels define an ordinal scale for measuring the maturity of an organization's software process and for evaluating its software process capability. The five levels in the improvement model for software are designed that the capabilities at the lower levels provide a progressively stronger foundation on which to build the upper levels. These five developmental stages are referred to as maturity levels, and at each level, the organization has a distinct process capability. By moving up these levels, the organization's capability is consistently improved. The maturity level is a well-defined evolutionary plateau toward achieving a mature software process. Each maturity level provides a layer in the foundation for continuous process improvement. Each level comprises a set of process goals that, when satisfied, stabilize an important component of the software process. Achieving each level of the maturity framework establishes a different component in the software process, resulting in an increase in the process capability of the organ...

Free Essays on Study On Animal Instinct Behavior- Fear

Study on Animal Instinct Behavior- Fear The study conducted at the University of California entitled â€Å"Temporally Massed CS Presentations Generate More Fear Extinction Than Spaced Presentations†, not only helped mice get passed their fears but also helped to better understand clinical behavioral therapy and how it helps treat anxiety disorders, phobias, panic disorder, post-traumatic-stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This experiment was conducted to get a better understanding if a controlled reaction; in this case being fear, could be unlearned by just applying the stimulus without the control over many times. There researchers joined eight mice at a time and taught them to fear a simple noise through the use of conditioning. First they played the noise for the mice to hear. Then they sent an electrical shock though the floor of the mice cage. Afterwards, the researchers separated the mice into groups. They forced the mice to hear the noise about twenty times for two minutes without administering any shocks. The researchers found that by presenting the stimulus to the mice over and over again without providing a shock, they were able to eliminate the fear. The mice learned to not fear the noise because a painful shock would not always follow it. The mice began to lose the association of the noise with the schock. During the experiment, the researchers associated the small noise with a shock to the mice. They also significantly separated the shocks the mice received. Some of the mice learned that not all of the noises meant that they would feel pain. For humans, someone who has been badly bitten by an animal has probably developed a fear of it. To extinguish this fear, that person should be presented with well-behaving animals. By doing so, the person will not fear them because he or she has learned that not all of them will bite. The researchers also found that both short and long-term extin... Free Essays on Study On Animal Instinct Behavior- Fear Free Essays on Study On Animal Instinct Behavior- Fear Study on Animal Instinct Behavior- Fear The study conducted at the University of California entitled â€Å"Temporally Massed CS Presentations Generate More Fear Extinction Than Spaced Presentations†, not only helped mice get passed their fears but also helped to better understand clinical behavioral therapy and how it helps treat anxiety disorders, phobias, panic disorder, post-traumatic-stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This experiment was conducted to get a better understanding if a controlled reaction; in this case being fear, could be unlearned by just applying the stimulus without the control over many times. There researchers joined eight mice at a time and taught them to fear a simple noise through the use of conditioning. First they played the noise for the mice to hear. Then they sent an electrical shock though the floor of the mice cage. Afterwards, the researchers separated the mice into groups. They forced the mice to hear the noise about twenty times for two minutes without administering any shocks. The researchers found that by presenting the stimulus to the mice over and over again without providing a shock, they were able to eliminate the fear. The mice learned to not fear the noise because a painful shock would not always follow it. The mice began to lose the association of the noise with the schock. During the experiment, the researchers associated the small noise with a shock to the mice. They also significantly separated the shocks the mice received. Some of the mice learned that not all of the noises meant that they would feel pain. For humans, someone who has been badly bitten by an animal has probably developed a fear of it. To extinguish this fear, that person should be presented with well-behaving animals. By doing so, the person will not fear them because he or she has learned that not all of them will bite. The researchers also found that both short and long-term extin...

Key Characteristics That Define a Leader and How Leadership Can Essay - 1

Key Characteristics That Define a Leader and How Leadership Can Motivate Employees - Essay Example The paper tells that presence of motivating and inspiring leaders elicits responses from followers that work to the advantage of every stakeholder involved. Gandhi, Abraham Lincon, and Napolean are examples of great leadership that led their nations forward. There is, however, considerable debate as to what constitutes inspiring and motivating leadership. The usual suspects are personality traits, which are further subdivided into five traits, nurturing, and training, environment and heredity. Some of the key ingredients necessary for leadership in the new age are the vision and the ability to handle new situations and adapt aptly. Furthermore, the presence of charisma and a good feel elicits positive responses necessary to bring about change. While one may have the personality traits, he must also understand what motivates employees and subjects and how their motivation can be aligned with the goals of the organization. The ability to empathize with the employees is one of the key f actors that determine the quality and success of leaders. While we shall discuss what motivates employees in detail, a key motivating factor is the kind of work they are doing. This is where the leadership’s role to identify what is best for each individual employee comes into play. Leadership is different to management and the differentiating factor is the role of charisma. Leadership and management are two completely different phenomena and most individuals do not exceed at both simultaneously. Organizations today need to breed leadership rather than waiting for a leader to come along. It is also important that while nurturing leadership, management skills and tactics are kept intact. The importance of vision and a clear sense of direction into the long-term goals of the organization cannot be underplayed at any stage. This is what differentiates the functional leaders from the visionary leaders.

Legalization of marijuana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Legalization of marijuana - Essay Example This research will begin with the definition of marijuana as a dry, shredded combination of stems, seeds, leaves, and flowers of the hemp plant called Cannabis Sativa. Marijuana is generally smoked in a pipe or as a cigarette. It is the most common illegal drug abused in the United States. Marijuana abuse can lead to problems with learning, memory, and social behavior. The drug can interfere with activities linked with school, work, family, etc. Several scientific studies are testing the usefulness and safety of cannabis compounds for the treatment of certain ailments. Marijuana is a popular recreational drug in the United States, and it ranks third in popularity behind alcohol and tobacco. It is estimated that approximately 100 million Americans have used marijuana. According to the surveys conducted by the government, approximately 25 million of Americans have used marijuana in the last 12 months. It also estimated that nearly 14 million of people smoke it regularly despite the har sh laws prohibiting the use of marijuana. According to NORML (National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws), marijuana is not as dangerous as tobacco or alcohol. Approximately 50,000 individuals die every year due to alcohol poisoning and more than 400,000 individuals die each year from tobacco smoking. In comparison with tobacco and alcohol, marijuana is not toxic and cannot cause death due to overdose. (NORML 1). History of Marijuana Use Human beings have used marijuana (Cannabis Sativa) for a long time. However, in the wake of the 20th century, it was classified by many countries as an illegal drug. In the past twenty years, there has been a continuous debate as to whether legalize marijuana specifically for medical purposes. The use of medical marijuana has increased in the District of Columbia and 16 states that have permitted its use. However, those who oppose the legalization of marijuana question its importance in the medical field (The New York Times 1). As stated above, the use of marijuana extends back over thousands of years (approximately 10,000 years). There is archaeological evidence that the Chinese used Cannabis Sativa. Archaeological evidence indicates that the first physical human requirements to be fulfilled by marijuana plant were the cloth making practice to offer protection from environmental hazards and climatic changes. Marijuana plant had other beneficial uses, such as important medicines (medicinal plant) and foods. Current Debate on Legalization of Marijuana Proponents of Marijuana Legalization Among the major proponents of marijuana legalization is the state of California. California has been at the forefront of marijuana policy reform (Kilmer et al. 1). The proponents of marijuana legalization state that the aim of legalization is not to make marijuana easily accessible, but rather to make the communities safer through the regulation of the substance. In other words, to take marijuana out of the underground markets, cont rol it and keep it away from the young people. In Colorado, medical marijuana is legal, and it has more than 88,000 Colorado residents who seek medical marijuana therapy (The New York Tim

You choose it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

You choose it - Essay Example is, however, unfortunate that in spite of the great strides, many obstacles still obstruct the realization of the employment rights of people living with disabilities. Only a few people living with disabilities access meaningful employment. There are several misconceptions and negative attitudes about disability that reduce the employers’, whether corporate, government or non-government, willingness from hiring anyone affected by a disability (UNICEF 2011). In some instances, some qualified job seekers are clearly discriminated and sidelined because of disabilities. People with intellectual disability are, for example, stigmatized for their perceived inability to comprehend most of the things that surround them. In addition, some employers are unwilling to recruit them because of the costs of adaptive technology and modifications needed at the workplace for them to work efficiently (UNICEF 2011). It is, therefore, apparent that these misconceptions continue to deprive people with disabilities the opportunity for employment. Lack of access to education, training, and funding are central to securing employment. Young people living with disabilities do not have access to opportunities and formal education to enhance their skills. The gap in education levels between those with disabilities and those without is a primary factor that determines who secures employment (DRNPA 2009). For people with disabilities and lack formal education, training or skills, they can still indulge in self-employment. Their lack of funding, however, presents an obstacle that prevents them from setting up businesses. Securing loans from lenders is a challenge because there are few people in the society who are willing to be collaterals to them. The lack of funds for investment, therefore, continues to deprive them the opportunity for employment (â€Å"Arc, 2014†). It is inevitable that people with disabilities are overprotected by the labor laws. Many countries and, in particular, those

Fight Club (Film) by David Fincher Essay Example for Free

Fight Club (Film) by David Fincher Essay This confronting movie casts the brilliant Edward Norton and the extremely popular Brad Pitt as they team together to bring the public one of the greatest suspense movies of all time. Norton plays Jack, a middle-aged man, who isnt sure what his purpose for living is anymore and Pitt plays Tyler Durden, a soap salesman, who has come to the same realization about life. Directed by David Fincher, written for the screen by Jim Uhls, and based on the acclaimed novel by Chuck Palahniuk, Fight Club is a powerful film, which fuses the highly sensitive issues that haunt its frustrated and confused protagonist with the visual representations of his mental states. It all begins when Jack becomes so frustrated with his life that he just cant take it any longer. For his entire life, the media has painted a glorious image of wealth for everyone and has made everyone believe that they would be rich and famous eventually, while in fact they werent. Flooding society with more useless products and making them slaves to their own needs, Jack realizes that it is all just a joke. Under the realization of this, Jack searches for a way to find new excitement away from the material world. He starts to visit numerous support groups for cancer victims and other diseases. This is where he meets Marla Singer (Helena Bonham Carter), a middle-aged woman who is also going through the same thing as he is. Together these seem to be the only places for them to find real emotions, and to be able to express their own emotions at the same time. One day while on an airplane, Jack meets Tyler Durden. While talking with Tyler, Jack notices that they have the same exact suitcase along with many other things in common. Tyler gives Jack his business card and tells him to call if he ever needs anything. When Jack returns home, he finds that his entire apartment has been blown to pieces. With nowhere to go, he takes out Tylers business card and proceeds to call him. Tyler comes to Jacks rescue and the two begin living together in an old run-down house. One night outside a bar, confused in their frustration of the world, they begin hitting each other for the pure excitement and adrenaline rush. After much thinking, Tyler has made up his mind about society and has created his own beliefs. He opposes all material wealth and lives for the moment, unafraid of pain or death. Slowly he teaches Jack these traits as well, as they now begin to build Fight Club, an underground association where equally frustrated men can take out their emotions by fighting with one another. Soon many Fight Clubs spring up across the country and Tyler is hailed as a celebrity among the members. With Fight Clubs popularity increasing, Tylers plans become much bigger and he establishes Project Mayhem, his plan to destroy the material world. He recruits an army of equally powered men and goes on a spree to destroy all signs of materialism he sees. While watching the mayhem Tyler has created, Jack becomes disturbed by the idiocy of the followers and the violent acts they are committing. He wants to put an end to the insanity, but without Tyler he cant stop it, and Tyler is nowhere to be found. With Tyler now missing, Jack begins travelling from city to city in search of Tyler. When asking people if they know Tyler Durden, he is given the same answer over and over: Yes sir, youre Tyler Durden. Jack finally comes to the conclusion that he and Tyler are the same person. Tyler is simply a figment of Jacks imagination. Tyler is everything that Jack wishes he could be. He looks how he wants to look. He acts how he wants to act. He is Tyler Durden. This movie combines great action sequences, romance, and suspense all rolled up into one. The great casting of Edward Norton and Brad Pitt give the movie just the right amount of masculinity it needs. How the composer creates meaning The composer creates a chilling setting, which is familiar and stereotypically American with its high-tech devices, also with fast and crisp movement of camera angles to show some extraordinary effects. The composer also used lighting to create meaning. The lab in which Jack was sitting down which we witness in the fast and crisp movement of camera shots, had very dark and dull colours. The music also rolled along to help create this setting, which is very important within the film. The director David Fincher utilizes a number of techniques to present his ideas of change. The film opens with voice-over from our lead character Jack, played by Edward Norton. He hasnt slept in months and its beginning to take a toll on his sanity. He finally finds release from his troubles by going to support groups for people with various diseases testicular cancer, bowel disease, etc. where he finds freedom in pretending hes a survivor, that he has nothing to lose. Thus, it also represents a new foundation as a result suggesting a change in Jacks lifestyle. Through the character Jack the composer is also able to create meaning. Here we see that through zoom and close-up camera angles the composer shows a change in the behaviour of Jack. It becomes evident that after bearing in mind explosion of his apartment, he becomes astound and through the facial expressions we see that he is discontented. The smile that was witnessed prior to this terrible tragedy has mislaid as a consequence symbolizing a change in his attitude and his perception of the slight civilization. The composer also creates meaning, through the use of Jacks lifestyle. In this motion picture the main character Jack, changes his lifestyle through self-destruction rather than self-development. The composer has done this to show that there is more than one way to change, that change does not always have to occur in a positive way. This is one of the most important themes running through the movie. Fight Club; a movie about the change within one mans life, Jack, with the help of his friend Tyler, who is actually a creation of Jacks mind. Jack breaks away from all of societies conventions and this leads to the many changes in his life. Jacks changes are made all the more significant through the use of colours. Before Jacks enlightenment all the colours used are dull blue-greys. The camera angles are narrow and focused. This creates a tone of monotony and boredom. Later, the scenes become brighter and colours are powerfully contrasted. Many of the scenes take place at night with neon lights in the background with contrast with the bright red leather jacket worn by Tyler throughout much of the film to create an exciting, almost surreal element to the scene. The camera angles become wider, reflecting Jacks broader perspective of life. A further structural device used by David Fincher is to allude to Jacks earlier life. One example is when he receives a phone-call from the detective looking into the explosion of his house. Jack responds to his questions by discussing how much the things in his apartment meant to him, how they were part of his identity. When the phone-call is over he says, I would like to thank the academy. From this statement, it is obvious that he looks back on his former lifestyle with contempt. From this film we can see how difficult it can be for one to move to another door of perception when everything around them reinforces the accepted view of the world. It is easy to accept everything that is occurring and live in denial without changing. Jack would not have been able to escape from the media induced, corporate driven life that he led if his brain had not created Tyler Durden. In Fight Club we see there are many reasons for people to choose not to change. The risk may seem too high. It might be hard work. There is a loss of the security a person has when he or she is in familiar territory where everything is known to them. Even when the opportunity stares at them right in their faces they refuse to take it. In the movie, we see Jack struggling at first with quitting his ikea-guy life but is soon able to boldly step away from the illusions that held him. Explanation of how the text links to both a text from the Stimulus Booklet and the play Away Clearly, change brings consequences. These consequences can vary in importance and significance; they can be beneficial, detrimental or even impartial. Change, its impact on self and the resulting consequences, which it inevitably brings, is an issue explored by many composers in a variety of texts. Change is the process of being made different. Change can be caused by anything such as time, birth, death, people and fighting The concept of changing self and its significance to the individual is explored in a number of texts including the play Away written by Michael Gow, Sky High by Hannah Roberts (BOS Changing) and the film Fight Club by David Fincher. All these texts symbolise change in a variety of ways. To show the consequences of change composers have used a number of techniques in terms of language, imagery, contrast and repetition. This film Fight Club deals with the approach in which we transform ourselves. In this film Jack transforms his standard of living through self-destruction to assertion self-development. The director David Fincher has fulfilled this to exemplify that the things we own, actually end up owing us. The change occurs when Tyler opens the door for him to amend. Unfortunately, Tyler becomes too powerful. This shows the rituals of both sides. Allusions is a structural device used by the director Fincher to contrast the Jack-then to the Jack-now, constantly making references to his earlier life presented at the beginning of the film. An example of this is when Jack is living in the dilapidated house he often receives calls from a Detective Stern from the arson unit, inquiring about his destroyed condo or feeding him information about it (the police suspect he did it to claim insurance). Jack often replies by talking about how much the things in his condo meant to him and how they were a part of his identity. When the phone-call is over he says; I would like to thank the academy. From this statement it is obvious that he looked back on himself with contempt. The director shows that the choices that one makes during his or her life, defines the changes that would occur to them in the future. When one looks back at the decisions that they had to make, the difference before the choice was made and after becomes quite obvious. Another aspect of change presented in the film is that change is often cyclic. As we make one decision, we are soon required to make further decisions and it is a never-ending cycle until the day we die. Therefore one never stops changing until their death. From this film we can see how complex it can be for one to move to another door of perception when everything around them reinforces the accepted view of the world. It is easy to accept everything that is occurring and live in denial without changing. Jack would not have been able to escape from the media induced, corporate driven life that he led if his brain had not created Tyler Durden. In link to Sky High by Hannah Roberts it demonstrates that responsibilities force a person to change, and that the change is not always optimistic, other than it has to be embraced for a character to established, and that although there is a change it is most undoubtedly not an end, but rather a progression. This text has contributed a great deal to my understanding of change. It helps us to see how difficult it can be to change ones lifestyle and to change their view of the world when it is reinforced as being the accepted view of the world that we must adhere to, and sometimes it requires something as drastic as an imagined person to change that view. The other thing it has contributed is that there are many reasons for a person not to change, risk, too hard work or the loss of security in their new life, but once that change is made, the persons old lifestyle seems contemptibly inadequate. In Sky High by Hannah Roberts, it is not another person, which outlines a change in self of the persona, but an object (a clothesline) that triggers a memory from the personas youth. Personification of the clothesline, and its relation to the authors own change in self since her youth, is one technique incorporated by Roberts. When describing her and the clothesline in the first two paragraphs, we are given the phrases silver skeletal arms and smooth, sweat damp hands. Comparing this to age-warped washing line and hands, beginning to accumulatewrinkles one can see the dramatic realisation of the changed persona. Another representation of the changing influence of the clothesline is the descriptions of the hanging clothes. Where as in her youth the clothesline was festooned with socks and knickers and shirts like coloured flags in a secret code, Roberts now write(s) my own semaphore secrets in colourful t-shirts and mismatched sock. This suggests that as a child, the author thought that the clothes were hung out in secret code. Now as an adult she realises the ordinariness of the practice. The semaphore secrets that she writes as an adult expose to the reader the question if these are messages of unhappiness. The narrator utilizes an analogy to illustrate how responsibilities and social conventions limit a persons ability to follow urges. The writer wants to fly as she did when she was young, but she is concerned that the conventions of her modern life will not allow her to do so. Remembering the minute details of the garden develops a nostalgic mood. This is so as a person remembers details such as these if they treasure the memories Sky high has contributed to my understanding of change by showing that responsibilities force a person to change, and that the change is not always positive, but it has to be embraced for a character to mature, and that although there is a change it is most definitely not an end, but rather a process. On the surface Away by Michael Gow, may possibly appear like a simple narrative about three families who take off for a holiday. People are shown as going away, being pulled away, being washed away, walking away and so on. What is also stressed however is the act of recurring, regrowth and renewal that results from their away experience. Away presents the concept of change as self-recognition and renewal through the portrayal of the key characters who journey from fear, isolation and delusion to an understanding and acceptance of themselves and their relationships with others. Away is a short though direct play, which deals with many variations of change, each of which is a change of character or personality, which occurs as a realization as the events in the play, get through to them. A perfect example is Gwen, a middle-aged mother with the need to control. Her resistance to change is of an attitude as her family suddenly becomes separate in reaction to her behaviour. The family is on a holiday and what was meant to be enjoyable, becomes a conflict which causes her daughter Meg to isolate herself from her. Gwen depicts this resistance to change with the importance of it. Simply compare changing toothbrush to changing personality, which will have a resisting effect. Michael Gows play is very theatrical. While much of the dialogue is realistic, drawing on the idiom of the day, the storm and the appearance of the fairies break away from realism. Gow draws on the conventions of comedy and tragedy as the play moves from the comic to the tragic. Many of the characters appear as stereotypes found in comedy- the nagging wife, the henpecked husband, the pompous teacher, but as the play progresses these stereotypes are abandoned as the characters are confronted by the need for change. They become individuals capable of change. The composer exploit Language to provides a precious impending into the intelligences of the protagonists. Gwens continuous and tedious use of clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s creates her the parody of a middle-class housewife with high-class aspirations. In the final act, mime plays a vital role. It is the explicit lack of language here that provides the audience with a perceptive of the high level of self-awareness and imminent that is now shared by the protagonists. Perhaps the two most significant characters in Away who experiences the most profound changes are Gwen and Coral. * Gwen is one of the most momentous protagonists in the play. She changes from being a stress ridden control freak of a mother and wife to coming to an understanding of life and the fact that humans are not in control. The plainest demonstration of this is the storm, which trashes her perfectly planned holiday. Note that in the stage directions, the fairies single Gwen out for particular attention in the storm. Gwen experiences an epiphany during the walk with Vic, presumably in reaction to the news that Tom is dying. She returns from the walk a changed woman, and it is she who stands and applauds Coral as she walks in Strange on the Shore. * Coral has lost her grip on reality. At the beginning she is a woman pervading grief at the death of her only son in the Vietnam War. In attempting to respond to her husband (Roys) plea that she behaves normally, she enters a relationship with a young recently married man named (Rick). She than adopts the persona of the artist on the beach, and it is Tom who recognises her as the headmasters wife. She achieves some kind of acceptance of life and loss through her performance in The Stranger on the Shore. (Im walking, Im walking represents a return to life). The walking becomes symbolic of Corals return to reality, her final acceptance of the death of her son who died in Vietnam. Tom is responsible for her healing. He determines Corals role in the play. In Act 5 scene 1 we see her reconciled with her husband Roy. These changes are represented dramatically in the play. Her situation in Away is symbolized by her role in the little play- when she walks at the end, she is retuning to life where she belongs. Opening on the last day of the school year in 1967 and closing on the first day of the next school year, the play spans only a few short weeks in the lives of its characters and yet their perspectives and understandings have changed radically over that time. Possibly the character who experiences the most philosophical change is Gwen. Through the intensity of the emotional conflict she encounters, she has had to acknowledge the inevitability of change in life and has adjusted her expectations accordingly. This change of perception over time can be contrasted to the reminiscing of Hannah Robert, in her story Sky High, Text 3 in the Board of Studies Changing Booklet. Where the older narrator looks back on a lighter, less burdened childhood. The rewarding repercussions of confronting change and of living for the present have been highlighted by the texts I have studied which in turn delineate the integral nature of change in the lives of people and their relationships.